Growth hormone axis
GHRP-2
GHRP-2 has no approved use in the US, and no pharmacy may lawfully make it. Its shots and nasal sprays are on FDA's Category 2 list. The evidence grade is limited-human: small studies show it raises growth hormone and hunger, but none tested it for muscle or recovery.
This page has not been individually reviewed by a clinician.
Fact sheet · 5 facts
every row cites its source and its date| Fact | Value | Tier | Checked | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Also called | pralmorelin, growth hormone releasing peptide-2, GHRP 2, KP-102, GPA 748 | peer-reviewed | pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | |
| Class | growth-hormone-axis | peer-reviewed | pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | |
| Regulatory status | no-approved-use | primary | fda.gov | |
| Status source read | 2026-10-25 | primary | fda.gov | |
| Evidence grade | limited-human | our assessment | peptideindex.ai |
Short answer
GHRP-2 has no approved use in the US, and no pharmacy may lawfully make it. Its shots and nasal sprays are on FDA's Category 2 list. The evidence grade is limited-human: small studies show it raises growth hormone and hunger, but none tested it for muscle or recovery.
Our assessment, drawn from the sources below.
What it is
GHRP-2 is a lab-made chain of six amino acids [13]. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. It copies ghrelin, a hormone that tells the body to release growth hormone [18]. Its drug name is pralmorelin [18]. One of its amino acids is not found in nature, which makes a product harder to check [1].
Researchers at a US university made GHRP-2 and related peptides [18]. A drug company tested it in the US for growth hormone shortage, but that work seems to have stopped [18]. A 2004 drug profile says it was awaiting approval in Japan as a test of the pituitary gland [18]. That is a gland at the base of the brain that makes growth hormone. Today GHRP-2 is sold online as a research compound for body shape and sports [17].
Where it stands legally
GHRP-2 has no approved use in the US: FDA says it is in no approved drug and does not meet the rules for pharmacy compounding [6] [2]. That means no pharmacy may lawfully make it. Work on it as a test in Japan does not change its US status [18]. Its shots and nasal sprays are also on Category 2, FDA's list of substances that may present significant safety risks [1]. Checked 25 October 2026.
FDA keeps lists for two kinds of compounders. A pharmacy is covered by section 503A of the law. An outsourcing facility is covered by section 503B [3] [5]. On FDA's pharmacy list of 14 May 2026, GHRP-2 is in Category 3 [2]. That category holds substances nominated without enough support for FDA to review them [2]. FDA says it may act against a pharmacy that compounds one [3].
On FDA's outsourcing list of 21 March 2025, GHRP-2 shots and nasal sprays are in Category 2 [4]. FDA added them on 29 September 2023 [1]. Other forms are in Category 1 on that list [4]. FDA says it does not plan to act against an outsourcing facility that makes a Category 1 substance under the policy's conditions [5]. That is a choice not to act, not approval [5].
GHRP-2 was studied as a test for growth hormone shortage [18]. It is sold to build muscle and change body shape [17]. A law firm and a pharmacy magazine expected it to stay restricted after a February 2026 federal announcement on peptides [8] [19]. Neither changes FDA's own lists, which this page follows [2] [4].
What the evidence shows
Evidence grade: limited-human · our assessment
The evidence grade is limited-human: small studies in people show GHRP-2 raises growth hormone and hunger, but none tested the uses it is sold for [10] [11] [12] [17].
In eight people, GHRP-2 raised growth hormone far more than arginine, a standard test, both before and during treatment with prednisone, a steroid [12]. In 19 healthy adults, lean and obese, GHRP-2 given under the skin raised growth hormone and made them eat more at lunch [11]. In ten children short of growth hormone, GHRP-2 by mouth for a year raised appetite in seven of them early on [10]. Their weight for their height did not change by a meaningful amount [10]. In 33 men with long critical illness, GHRP-2 alone did not bring the helpful effects on body breakdown that a mix of three hormones brought [9].
In rats, GHRP-2 slowed muscle breakdown after burns [13]. In rats with arthritis, it blocked genes tied to muscle wasting [14]. In rats with lung injury, it reduced lung swelling [15]. In rat muscle and in muscle cells grown in a lab, it lowered two genes tied to muscle wasting [16]. These are animal and lab results, not results in people.
A rise in growth hormone on a test is a lab marker. It does not show more muscle or faster recovery [17]. A 2026 review says the benefits for sports and body shape are uncertain [17].
Known risks
- FDA warns that GHRP-2 shots and nasal sprays made by a compounder may set off the immune system. The peptide can clump and carry impurities [1].
- FDA knows of serious harms in people given GHRP-2: higher insulin needs to control blood sugar, infection, pancreatitis (a swollen pancreas) and deaths of very ill study subjects. FDA says it has not shown that GHRP-2 caused them [1].
- GHRP-2 raises hunger. In a small study, adults given it ate up to a third more food at a meal [11].
- A 2026 review lists harms in people who used peptides like GHRP-2 on their own. These include hormone and blood sugar changes, fluid build-up, muscle and joint pain, and skin reactions where the needle went in [17].
What nobody knows yet
- None of the human studies we cite tested GHRP-2 for muscle or recovery in healthy people [9] [10] [11] [12].
- A rise in growth hormone on a blood test is a lab marker. Nobody knows if that rise leads to the gains GHRP-2 is sold for [12] [17].
- Nobody knows what years of use do. The longest study in our sources lasted one year, in ten children [10].
- The muscle results come from rats and lab-grown cells. Nobody knows if they hold in people [13] [14] [16].
- FDA has not found whether GHRP-2 caused the serious harms reported in people who received it [1].
Legitimate ways to get it
No approved drug in the US contains GHRP-2, and no pharmacy may lawfully make it [6] [3]. No shot or nasal spray of GHRP-2 has a legal route [1] [4].
One narrow route exists. An outsourcing facility may make GHRP-2 in forms other than shots and nasal sprays, if it meets the conditions of FDA's policy [4] [5]. That does not make GHRP-2 approved, and FDA may take a substance off Category 1, for example over safety [5].
Any open trial would appear in the trials block below, with the date the official registry was last checked.
Lawful compounding
For forms other than shots and nasal sprays, GHRP-2 is in Category 1 of FDA's outsourcing list. An outsourcing facility may make it while FDA decides, if it meets the policy's conditions. No pharmacy may make it, and no shot or nasal spray has a legal route.
Recruiting trials
A listing is not a recommendation. Trials have strict eligibility rules. Talk to your doctor and read the official record.
No open trials in the snapshot of .clinicaltrials.gov
How people are getting it anyway
This section describes what happens and is not a recommendation.
Two ways of getting GHRP-2 show up in the records [6] [17]. The first is pharmacies that make it although the law does not allow it. FDA has sent warning letters to pharmacies that made drugs from GHRP-2 [6] [7]. One pharmacy told FDA it had dropped GHRP-2 from its products [7].
The second is online sellers that market it as a research compound. A 2026 review says what these products hold, and how strong they are, is uncertain [17]. FDA says a product meant to affect the body is a drug, and a new drug needs FDA approval [6]. No GHRP-2 product has it [6].
FDA warns that compounded GHRP-2 shots may carry impurities that set off the immune system [1]. FDA also knows of serious harms in people given GHRP-2, though it has not shown that GHRP-2 caused them [1].
Compounding outside the rules
Made by a pharmacy from bulk GHRP-2 powder, although it does not meet the rules for pharmacy compounding.
The lawFDA says drugs made from GHRP-2 do not qualify for the compounding exemptions. It is in no approved drug and is not on the federal list.fda.gov
Documented riskFDA warns that compounded GHRP-2 shots and nasal sprays may set off the immune system, because the peptide can clump and carry impurities.fda.gov
Documented riskFDA knows of serious harms in people given GHRP-2, including infection and a swollen pancreas, though FDA has not shown that GHRP-2 caused them.fda.gov
Enforcement FDA warning letter to an Alabama compounding pharmacy that made drugs from GHRP-2.fda.gov
Enforcement FDA warning letter to a Kentucky compounding pharmacy that made drugs from GHRP-2 and other peptides.fda.gov
Research use seller
Sold online as a research compound, often to people seeking muscle or a change in body shape.
The lawFDA says a product meant to affect the body is a drug, and a new drug needs FDA approval. No GHRP-2 product is approved.fda.gov
Documented riskA 2026 review says what these products hold, and how strong they are, is uncertain.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Documented riskThe same review lists hormone and blood sugar changes, fluid build-up and needle-site reactions in people using these peptides.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Sources
- [1]FDA: bulk drug substances that may present significant safety risks, with GHRP-2 shots and nasal sprays added in 2023Regulatory · primary
- [2]FDA: bulk drug substances nominated under section 503A, list updated 14 May 2026Regulatory · primary
- [3]FDA: bulk drug substances used in compounding under section 503ARegulatory · primary
- [4]FDA: bulk drug substances nominated under section 503B, list updated 21 March 2025Regulatory · primary
- [5]FDA: bulk drug substances used in compounding under section 503BRegulatory · primary
- [6]FDA warning letter to a compounding pharmacy that made drugs from GHRP-2, 5 February 2019Regulatory · primary
- [7]FDA warning letter to a compounding pharmacy that made drugs from GHRP-2 and other peptides, 1 April 2020Regulatory · primary
- [8]Holt Law: the 2026 federal rules on peptides and the risks for prescribersLegal analysis · legal-analysis
- [9]GHRP-2 alone and with two other hormones in men with long critical illness, 2002Human trial · peer-reviewed
- [10]GHRP-2 by mouth, appetite and weight in children short of growth hormone, 2003Human trial · peer-reviewed
- [11]GHRP-2 and how much lean and obese people ate, 2006Human trial · peer-reviewed
- [12]Growth hormone release after GHRP-2 before and during prednisone, 1999Human trial · peer-reviewed
- [13]GHRP-2 and muscle breakdown in rats with burns, 2009Animal · peer-reviewed
- [14]GHRP-2 and muscle-wasting genes in rats with arthritis, 2005Animal · peer-reviewed
- [15]GHRP-2 and lung injury in rats, 2010Animal · peer-reviewed
- [16]GHRP-2 in rat muscle and in lab-grown muscle cells, 2008In vitro · peer-reviewed
- [17]Review: peptides sold to raise growth hormone, including GHRP-2, and their reported harms, 2026Reference · peer-reviewed
- [18]Drug profile of pralmorelin, the drug name for GHRP-2, 2004Reference · peer-reviewed
- [19]Pharmacy Times: a pharmacist on the February 2026 peptide announcementReference · established-news
Last verified · 5 facts · 9 sources
- clinicaltrials.gov
- peptideindex.ai
- peptideindex.ai
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- fda.gov
- fda.gov
- fda.gov
- fda.gov
Primary source: https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/triad-rx-inc-569659-02052019
Machine readers: JSON · Markdown · Status history: Change log
Information, not medical advice.
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